Eph 4:8-12

When Jesus died and rose again, he defeated death and rose victoriously. “Higher than all the heavens” (v10). Jesus is the supreme authority. Paul quotes Psalm 68:18, where the victor receives gifts. Jesus gives gifts to his people, as we partake in his victory.

Ephesians 4:11
So Christ himself gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the pastors, and teachers...

This isn’t an exhaustive list, but Paul focuses on the gifts that communicate the gospel. This list is often referred to as “the 5-fold ministry”, even though it’s unclear in the Greek if “pastor” and “teacher” are two different roles or a combined “shepherd-teacher” role.

Ephesians 4:12
...to equip his people for works of service, so that the body of Christ may be built up

The purpose of these roles of oversight is not to do all the ministry of the church, but to equip the people for service. All believers have been given gifts for service and these ministries are there to help and sharpen those gifts in believers.

Church is not about the gifts and talents of a few, but the faithfulness of the many.