Galatians 2
2
Church Leaders Accept Paul as an Apostle
1Fourteen years later, I returned to Jerusalem, this time with Barnabas # 2:1 Barnabas is an Aramaic name that means “son of encouragement.” and Titus, # 2:1 Titus was a gentile convert to Christ and was a frequent companion of Paul’s. Later Paul wrote a beautiful letter to Titus. Titus’ name means “nurse.” my coworkers. 2God gave me a clear revelation # 2:2 Although we don’t know exactly what the “clear revelation” might have been, it is possible it came in the form of a dream, a vision, a prophecy, or an angel that appeared to Paul. to go and confer with the other apostles concerning the message of grace I was preaching to the gentiles. I spoke privately with those who were viewed as senior leaders of the church, wanting to make certain that my labor and ministry for the Messiah had not been based on a false understanding of the gospel. # 2:2 Or “to make sure I was not running the race for nothing.”
3Even though Titus # 2:3 Titus was converted through Paul’s ministry and was later sent out by Paul as an apostolic church planter. The book of Titus was written by Paul to his spiritual son to give him encouragement and revelation for his ministry. was a Syrian, # 2:3 Or “Aramean,” which is an Aramaic-speaking gentile. Syrians are Arameans, but Greeks are not. Most Greek manuscripts identify Titus as a Greek when, in fact, he was Syrian. It is believed that the Greek scribes changed Titus’ ethnicity to Greek, but the Aramaic text correctly identifies him as a Syrian. they accepted him as a brother without demanding that he first be circumcised. 4I met with them privately because false “brothers” had been secretly smuggled into church meetings. They were sent to spy on the wonderful freedom that we have in Jesus Christ. Their agenda was to bring us back into the bondage of religion. 5But you must know that we did not submit to their religious shackles, # 2:5 Or in Aramaic “their efforts to enslave us” or “their oppression.” not even for a moment, so that we might keep the truth of the gospel of grace unadulterated for you.
6Even those most influential among the brothers were not able to add anything to my message. Who they are before men makes no difference to me, for God is not impressed by their reputations. # 2:6 Or “God does not accept the face (mask) of a man.” 7So they recognized that I was entrusted with taking the gospel to the gentiles # 2:7 Or “the uncircumcised.” just as Peter was entrusted with taking it to the Jews. # 2:7 Or “the circumcised.” 8For the same God who empowered Peter’s apostolic ministry to the Jews also flowed through me as an apostle to those who are gentiles.
9When they all recognized this grace operating in my ministry, those who were recognized as influential pillars # 2:9 See Rev. 3:12. in the church—Jacob, Peter, and John—extended to Barnabas and me the warmth of Christian fellowship # 2:9 Or “gave me the right hand of fellowship.” and honored my calling to minister to the gentiles, even as they were to go to the Jews. 10They simply requested one thing of me: that I would remember the poor and needy, which was the burden I was already carrying in my heart.
Paul Confronts Peter
11When Peter visited Antioch, # 2:11 Antioch was a large city in Syria with a significant Jewish population. It was in Antioch that believers were first called Christians and it was the first church to send out missionaries to the nations. See Acts 11:25–26; 13:1–3. he caused the believers to stumble over his behavior, so I confronted him to his face. 12He enjoyed eating with the gentile believers who didn’t keep the Jewish customs—up until the time Jacob’s Jewish friends arrived from Jerusalem. When he saw them, he withdrew from his gentile friends—fearing how it would look to them # 2:12 Or “fearing those of the circumcision.” if he ate with gentile believers.
13And so, because of Peter’s hypocrisy, # 2:13 The incident of Acts 10–11 happened before this account in Gal. 2. Peter was shown by a heavenly vision that God views gentile believers as “clean.” This amplifies Peter’s hypocrisy. Even Jesus’ apostles had conflicts that needed to be worked out and healed. many other Jewish believers followed suit, refusing to eat with gentile believers. Even Barnabas was led astray by their hypocritical behavior!
14So when I realized they were acting inconsistently with the revelation of the gospel, I confronted Peter in front of everyone:
“You were born a Jew, but you’ve chosen to disregard Jewish regulations and live like a gentile. # 2:14 Some Aramaic translators translate this word “Syrian” or “Aramean.” Why then do you force gentiles to conform to these same rules?”
Jews and Gentiles Are Saved by Faith
15Although we’re Jews by birth and not gentile “sinners,” 16we know that no one receives God’s perfect righteousness as a reward for keeping the law, but only by the faith of Jesus, the Messiah! # 2:16 The Aramaic and Greek can be translated “the faith of Jesus, the Messiah” or “faith in Jesus Christ.” It is not simply our faith, but his—the faithfulness of Jesus to fulfill the Father’s pleasure in his life and the sacrifice for our sins in his death. Salvation is found in the “faith of Jesus.” His faithfulness has saved us, and we have received God’s perfect righteousness. Now we know that God accepts no one by the keeping of religious laws! # 2:16 Or “by the works of the law.”
17If we are those who desire to be righteous through our union with the Anointed One, does that mean our Messiah condones sin even though we acknowledge that we are sinners? How absurd! 18For if I start over and reconstruct the old religious system that I had torn down with the message of grace, I would appear to be a lawbreaker. # 2:18 Or “I prove myself to be a sinner.”
19For through the law I died to the law, # 2:19 See Rom. 6:2; 7:4. so that I might live to God. # 2:19 See Rom. 6:10, 11, 14; 2 Cor. 5:15.
20My old identity has been co-crucified with Christ and no longer lives. And now the essence of this new life is no longer mine, for the Anointed One lives his life through me—we live in union as one! # 2:20 We are one with him, and he lives in us. See John 14:20. My new life is empowered by the faith of the Son of God who loves me so much that he gave himself for me, dispensing his life into mine!
21So that is why I don’t view God’s grace as something peripheral. # 2:21 Or “I do not nullify the grace of God (by adding works).” For if keeping the law could release God’s righteousness to us, then Christ would have died for nothing.
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