Ezekiel 18
18
The Soul Who Sins Shall Die
1The word of the Lord came to me: 2“What do you#18:2 The Hebrew for you is plural mean #[ch. 12:22; 16:44] by repeating this proverb concerning the land of Israel, #Jer. 31:29‘The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children’s teeth are set on edge’? 3#See ch. 16:48 As I live, declares the Lord God, #Jer. 31:29, 30this proverb shall no more be used by you in Israel. 4Behold, all souls are mine; the soul of the father as well as the soul of the son is mine: #ver. 20the soul who sins shall die.
5“If a man is righteous and does #ver. 19, 21, 27what is just and right— 6if he #ver. 11, 15; ch. 22:9 does not eat upon the mountains or #ch. 33:25 lift up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, #ver. 11, 15; [ch. 22:11] does not defile his neighbor’s wife #Lev. 18:19 or approach #ch. 22:10a woman in her time of menstrual impurity, 7#ver. 12, 16; Ex. 22:21 does not oppress anyone, but #ver. 12; ch. 33:15; Ex. 22:26 restores to the debtor his pledge, #ver. 12, 16, 18 commits no robbery, #ver. 16; Isa. 58:7; [Matt. 25:35, 36]gives his bread to the hungry #ver. 16; Isa. 58:7; [Matt. 25:35, 36]and covers the naked with a garment, 8#ver. 13, 17; ch. 22:12; Ex. 22:25; Ps. 15:5 does not lend at interest #ver. 13, 17; ch. 22:12; Ex. 22:25; Ps. 15:5 or take any profit,#18:8 That is, profit that comes from charging interest to the poor; also verses 13, 17 (compare Leviticus 25:36) withholds his hand from injustice, #Deut. 1:16; Zech. 8:16executes true justice between man and man, 9#ver. 17 walks in my statutes, and keeps my rules by acting faithfully—he is righteous; #ver. 17, 19, 21; ch. 20:11; Amos 5:4he shall surely live, declares the Lord God.
10“If he fathers a son who is violent, #See ch. 16:38a shedder of blood, who does any of these things 11(though he himself did none of these things), #See ver. 6 who even eats upon the mountains, #ver. 6; [Lev. 18:20]defiles his neighbor’s wife, 12oppresses the poor and needy, #ver. 7 commits robbery, #ver. 7 does not restore the pledge, #ver. 6 lifts up his eyes to the idols, #ch. 8:6, 17commits abomination, 13#See ver. 8 lends at interest, and takes profit; shall he then live? He shall not live. He has done all these abominations; he shall surely die; #ch. 33:4; Lev. 20:9, 11; See ch. 3:18his blood shall be upon himself.
14“Now suppose this man fathers a son who sees all the sins that his father has done; he sees, and does not do likewise: 15he does not eat upon the mountains or lift up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, does not defile his neighbor’s wife, 16does not oppress anyone, #[ver. 7, 12] exacts no pledge, #ver. 7 commits no robbery, #See ver. 7but gives his bread to the hungry #See ver. 7and covers the naked with a garment, 17withholds his hand from iniquity,#18:17 Septuagint; Hebrew from the poor takes no interest or profit, obeys my rules, #ver. 9 and walks in my statutes; he shall not die for his father’s iniquity; #See ver. 9he shall surely live. 18As for his father, because he practiced extortion, robbed his brother, and did what is not good among his people, #See ch. 3:18behold, he shall die for his iniquity.
19“Yet you say, #Ex. 20:5; [ver. 2] ‘Why should not the son suffer for the iniquity of the father?’ When the son has done #ver. 5, 21, 27 what is just and right, and has been careful to observe all my statutes, #See ver. 9he shall surely live. 20#ver. 4 The soul who sins shall die. #See 2 Kgs. 14:6 The son shall not suffer for the iniquity of the father, nor the father suffer for the iniquity of the son. #Isa. 3:10, 11 The righteousness of the righteous shall be upon himself, #[Rom. 2:9]and the wickedness of the wicked shall be upon himself.
21 # See ver. 27 “But if a wicked person turns away from all his sins that he has committed and keeps all my statutes and does #ver. 5, 19 what is just and right, #ver. 9he shall surely live; he shall not die. 22#ch. 33:16None of the transgressions that he has committed shall be remembered against him; for the righteousness that he has done he shall live. 23#ver. 32; ch. 33:11; 1 Tim. 2:4, 6; 2 Pet. 3:9; [Titus 2:11]Have I any pleasure in the death of the wicked, declares the Lord God, and not rather that he should turn from his way and live? 24#ch. 3:20; 33:12, 13, 18 But when a righteous person turns away from his righteousness and does injustice and does the same abominations that the wicked person does, shall he live? #[2 Pet. 2:20, 21] None of the righteous deeds that he has done shall be remembered; for #See ch. 14:13the treachery of which he is guilty and the sin he has committed, for them he shall die.
25 # ch. 33:17, 20 “Yet you say, ‘The way of the Lord is not just.’ Hear now, O house of Israel: Is my way not just? Is it not your ways that are not just? 26#[See ver. 24 above]When a righteous person turns away from his righteousness and does injustice, he shall die for it; for the injustice that he has done he shall die. 27Again, #ver. 21; ch. 33:19; [ch. 13:22; 33:11, 12]when a wicked person turns away from the wickedness he has committed and does what is just and right, he shall save his life. 28Because he considered and turned away from all the transgressions that he had committed, he shall surely live; he shall not die. 29Yet the house of Israel says, ‘The way of the Lord is not just.’ O house of Israel, are my ways not just? Is it not your ways that are not just?
30“Therefore #ch. 7:3, 8; 33:20; 36:19; [ch. 39:24] I will judge you, O house of Israel, every one according to his ways, declares the Lord God. #[ch. 14:6; Hos. 14:1] Repent and turn from all your transgressions, #[Isa. 3:8]lest iniquity be your ruin.#18:30 Or lest iniquity be your stumbling block 31#[ch. 20:7] Cast away from you all the transgressions that you have committed, and #See ch. 11:19 make yourselves a new heart and a new spirit! #ch. 33:11Why will you die, O house of Israel? 32#See ver. 23 For I have no pleasure in the death of anyone, declares the Lord God; #[See ver. 30 above]so turn, and live.”
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Ezekiel 18: ESV
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