Matthew 5

The Sermon on the Mount

1Seeing the crowds, #ch. 15:29 he went up on the mountain, and when he #Luke 4:20sat down, his disciples came to him.

The Beatitudes

2And #Ps. 78:2he opened his mouth and taught them, saying:

3 # For ver. 3-12, [Luke 6:20-23] “Blessed are # [Isa. 61:1; 66:2] the poor in spirit, for # [Luke 12:32] theirs is the kingdom of heaven.

4 “Blessed are # Isa. 61:2, 3; John 16:20; 2 Cor. 1:7; 7:10; Rev. 21:4; [James 4:9, 10] those who mourn, for they shall be comforted.

5 “Blessed are the # Ps. 37:11 meek, for they # Ps. 37:11 shall inherit the earth.

6 “Blessed are those who hunger and # Ps. 42:2; Isa. 55:1, 2; John 7:37 thirst # 2 Tim. 2:22; [ch. 6:33] for righteousness, for they shall be satisfied.

7 “Blessed are # ch. 18:33; 25:34-36; Prov. 19:17; Luke 6:36; 2 Tim. 1:16; Heb. 6:10 the merciful, for they shall receive mercy.

8 “Blessed are # Ps. 24:4; 2 Tim. 2:22; [1 Pet. 1:22] the pure in heart, for # Heb. 12:14; 1 John 3:2, 3; Rev. 22:4; [1 Cor. 13:12] they shall see God.

9 “Blessed are # James 3:18 the peacemakers, for # 1 John 3:1 they shall be called # Rom. 8:14 sons # 5:9 Greek huioi ; see Preface of God.

10 # 2 Tim. 2:12; James 5:11; 1 Pet. 3:14 “Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness’ sake, for # [See ver. 3 above] theirs is the kingdom of heaven.

11 # Heb. 11:26; 1 Pet. 4:14 “Blessed are you when others revile you and persecute you and utter all kinds of evil against you falsely # John 15:21 on my account. 12#Acts 5:41; Rom. 5:3; 2 Cor. 12:10; Col. 1:11, 24; Heb. 10:34; James 1:2; 1 Pet. 4:13 Rejoice and be glad, for your reward is great in heaven, for #See ch. 21:35so they persecuted the prophets who were before you.

Salt and Light

13 “You are the salt of the earth, # Mark 9:50; Luke 14:34 but if salt has lost its taste, how shall its saltiness be restored? It is no longer good for anything except to be thrown out and trampled under people’s feet.

14 # Eph. 5:8; Phil. 2:15; [John 8:12] “You are the light of the world. A city set on a hill cannot be hidden. 15#Mark 4:21; Luke 8:16; 11:33Nor do people light a lamp and put it under a basket, but on a stand, and it gives light to all in the house. 16In the same way, let your light shine before others, so #Philem. 6; 1 Pet. 2:12 that#5:16 Or house. 16 Let your light so shine before others that they may see your good works and #John 15:8; 2 Cor. 9:13; Phil. 1:11; [ch. 9:8]give glory to your Father who is in heaven.

Christ Came to Fulfill the Law

17 # Rom. 3:31 “Do not think that I have come to abolish # ch. 7:12 the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but # [Rom. 10:4; 13:8; Gal. 3:24] to fulfill them. 18For truly, I say to you, #Luke 16:17; [ch. 24:35]until heaven and earth pass away, not an iota, not a dot, will pass from the Law until all is accomplished. 19#[1 Cor. 3:12-15] Therefore whoever relaxes #[Gal. 3:10; James 2:10] one of the least of these commandments and teaches others to do the same will be called least #ch. 11:11; 18:1-4in the kingdom of heaven, but whoever does them and teaches them will be called great #ch. 11:11; 18:1-4in the kingdom of heaven. 20For I tell you, unless your righteousness exceeds #[Rom. 10:3; Phil. 3:9] that of the scribes and Pharisees, you #John 3:5will never enter the kingdom of heaven.

Anger

21 # ver. 33; [ver. 27, 31, 38, 43] “You have heard that it was said to those of old, # Cited from Ex. 20:13; Deut. 5:17; [ch. 19:18; Mark 10:19; Luke 18:20; Rom. 13:9; James 2:11] ‘You shall not murder; and whoever murders will be liable # [Deut. 16:18] to judgment.’ 22But I say to you that #1 John 3:15 everyone who is angry with his brother#5:22 Some manuscripts insert without cause will be liable #[See ver. 21 above] to judgment; whoever insults#5:22 Greek says Raca to (a term of abuse) his brother will be liable to the council; and whoever says, ‘You fool!’ will be liable to #ch. 18:9; Mark 9:43; James 3:6; [ver. 29]the hell#5:22 Greek Gehenna; also verses 29, 30 of fire. 23#[ch. 6:15; Mark 11:25] So if #ch. 8:4; 23:18you are offering your gift at the altar and there remember that your brother has something against you, 24leave your gift there before the altar and go. First be reconciled to your brother, and then come and offer your gift. 25#Luke 12:58, 59Come to terms quickly with your accuser while you are going with him to court, lest your accuser hand you over to the judge, and the judge to the guard, and you be put in prison. 26Truly, I say to you, #[ch. 18:34, 35]you will never get out until you have paid the last penny.#5:26 Greek kodrantes, Roman copper coin (Latin quadrans) worth about 1/64 of a denarius (which was a day’s wage for a laborer)

Lust

27 # See ver. 21 “You have heard that it was said, # Cited from Ex. 20:14; Deut. 5:18 ‘You shall not commit adultery.’ 28But I say to you that #Job 31:1; Prov. 6:25; [2 Sam. 11:2]everyone who looks at a woman with lustful intent has already committed adultery with her in his heart. 29#ch. 18:8, 9; Mark 9:43-48 If your right eye #[ch. 13:41; Luke 17:1] causes you to sin, tear it out and throw it away. For it is better that you lose one of your members than that your whole body be thrown into #ch. 10:28; 23:15, 33; Luke 12:5; [ver. 22]hell. 30#[See ver. 29 above] And if your right hand #[See ver. 29 above] causes you to sin, cut it off and throw it away. For it is better that you lose one of your members than that your whole body go into #[See ver. 29 above]hell.

Divorce

31 # [See ver. 27 above] “It was also said, # ch. 19:7; Jer. 3:1; Cited from Deut. 24:1 ‘Whoever divorces his wife, let him give her a certificate of divorce.’ 32#ch. 19:9; Mark 10:11, 12; Luke 16:18; [1 Cor. 7:10, 11] But I say to you that everyone who divorces his wife, except on the ground of sexual immorality, makes her commit adultery, and #Rom. 7:3whoever marries a divorced woman commits adultery.

Oaths

33 “Again # [See ver. 27 above] you have heard that it was said to those of old, # Lev. 19:12; 1 Tim. 1:10 ‘You shall not swear falsely, but # Num. 30:2; Deut. 23:21; Eccles. 5:4 shall perform to the Lord what you have sworn.’ 34But I say to you, #James 5:12 Do not take an oath at all, either by heaven, for #ch. 23:22; Isa. 66:1; Acts 7:49; See Rev. 4:2it is the throne of God, 35or by the earth, for it is his footstool, or by Jerusalem, for it is #Ps. 48:2the city of the great King. 36And do not take an oath by your head, for you cannot make one hair white or black. 37Let what you say be simply ‘Yes’ or ‘No’; #[Prov. 10:19]anything more than this comes from evil.#5:37 Or the evil one

Retaliation

38 # [See ver. 27 above] “You have heard that it was said, # Cited from Ex. 21:24; Lev. 24:20; Deut. 19:21 ‘An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.’ 39But I say to you, #1 Pet. 2:23 Do not resist the one who is evil. But #For ver. 39-42, see Luke 6:29, 30; [Rom. 12:17] if anyone #ch. 26:67; Isa. 50:6; Lam. 3:30slaps you on the right cheek, turn to him the other also. 40And #[See ver. 39 above]if anyone would sue you and take your tunic,#5:40 Greek chiton, a long garment worn under the cloak next to the skin let him have your cloak as well. 41And if anyone #ch. 27:32forces you to go one mile, go with him two miles. 42#Ps. 37:21; Prov. 21:26 Give to the one who begs from you, and #Deut. 15:8; Ps. 37:26; 112:5; Luke 6:34, 35do not refuse the one who would borrow from you.

Love Your Enemies

43 # See ver. 21 “You have heard that it was said, # Cited from Lev. 19:18; See ch. 19:19 ‘You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy.’ 44But I say to you, #Luke 6:27, 28; Rom. 12:20; [Ex. 23:4; Job 31:29, 30; Ps. 7:4] Love your enemies and #Luke 23:34; Acts 7:60; 2 Tim. 4:16; 1 Pet. 3:9pray for those who persecute you, 45#Luke 6:35; [Eph. 5:1; Phil. 2:15] so that you may be sons of your Father who is in heaven. For he makes his sun rise on the evil and on the good, and #Acts 14:17sends rain on the just and on the unjust. 46#Luke 6:32For if you love those who love you, what reward do you have? Do not even the tax collectors do the same? 47And if you greet only your brothers,#5:47 Or brothers and sisters. In New Testament usage, depending on the context, the plural Greek word adelphoi (translated “brothers”) may refer either to brothers or to brothers and sisters what more are you doing than others? Do not even #ch. 6:7, 32the Gentiles do the same? 48#[Luke 6:36] You therefore must be #ch. 19:21; 1 Cor. 2:6 (Gk.); Phil. 3:15 (Gk.); Col. 1:28; 4:12 (Gk.); James 1:4; 3:2; See Gen. 17:1 perfect, #[Lev. 19:2; 1 Pet. 1:15]as your heavenly Father is perfect.

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