Leviticus 5
5
1“If anyone sins in that he hears a public #1 Kgs. 8:31; Prov. 29:24; [1 Sam. 14:24, 26; Matt. 26:63] adjuration to testify, and though he is a witness, whether he has seen or come to know the matter, yet does not speak, he shall #ver. 17; ch. 7:18; 10:17; 17:16; 19:8; 20:17, 19; Num. 5:31; [Num. 9:13]bear his iniquity; 2or #ch. 11:24, 28, 31, 39; Num. 19:11, 13, 16if anyone touches an unclean thing, whether a carcass of an unclean wild animal or a carcass of unclean livestock or a carcass of unclean swarming things, and it is hidden from him and he has become unclean, and he realizes his guilt; 3or if he touches #See ch. 12; ch. 13; ch. 15human uncleanness, of whatever sort the uncleanness may be with which one becomes unclean, and it is hidden from him, when he comes to know it, and realizes his guilt; 4or if anyone utters with his lips a #[Judg. 11:30, 31; 1 Sam. 14:24; 25:22; Mark 6:23; Acts 23:12] rash oath to do evil or to do good, any sort of rash oath that people #Eccles. 5:2swear, and it is hidden from him, when he comes to know it, and he realizes his guilt in any of these; 5when he realizes his guilt in any of these and #ch. 16:21; 26:40; Num. 5:7; Ezra 10:1; [Josh. 7:19]confesses the sin he has committed, 6he shall bring to the Lord as his compensation#5:6 Hebrew his guilt penalty; so throughout Leviticus for the sin that he has committed, a female from the flock, a lamb or a goat, for a sin offering. And the priest shall make atonement for him for his sin.
7“But #ch. 12:8; 14:21 if he cannot afford a lamb, then he shall bring to the Lord as his compensation for the sin that he has committed two #See ch. 1:14turtledoves or two pigeons,#5:7 Septuagint two young pigeons; also verse 11 one for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering. 8He shall bring them to the priest, who shall offer first the one for the sin offering. He shall #ch. 1:15, 17wring its head from its neck #ch. 1:15, 17but shall not sever it completely, 9and he shall sprinkle some of the blood of the sin offering on the side of the altar, while #ch. 1:15 the rest of the blood shall be drained out #ch. 4:7, 18, 30, 34at the base of the altar; it is a sin offering. 10Then he shall offer the second for a burnt offering according to the rule. #See ch. 4:20, 26, 31, 35And the priest shall make atonement for him for the sin that he has committed, and he shall be forgiven.
11“But if he cannot afford two turtledoves or two pigeons, then he shall bring as his offering for the sin that he has committed a #Num. 5:15tenth of an ephah#5:11 An ephah was about 3/5 bushel or 22 liters of fine flour for a sin offering. He #Num. 5:15shall put no oil on it and shall put no frankincense on it, for it is a sin offering. 12And he shall bring it to #ch. 2:2 the priest, and the priest shall take a handful of it as its memorial portion and #ch. 4:35burn this on the altar, on the Lord’s food offerings; it is a sin offering. 13Thus #[See ver. 10 above]the priest shall make atonement for him for the sin which he has committed in any one of these things, and he shall be forgiven. And the remainder#5:13 Septuagint; Hebrew it shall be for the priest, as in the grain offering.”
Laws for Guilt Offerings
14The Lord spoke to Moses, saying, 15#ch. 22:14; [Ezra 10:2] “If anyone commits a breach of faith and sins unintentionally in any of the holy things of the Lord, #[Ezra 10:19] he shall bring to the Lord as his compensation, a ram without blemish out of the flock, valued#5:15 Or flock, or its equivalent in silver shekels,#5:15 A shekel was about 2/5 ounce or 11 grams according to the #See Ex. 30:13shekel of the sanctuary, for a guilt offering. 16He shall also make restitution for what he has done amiss in the holy thing and #ch. 6:5; 22:14; 27:13, 15, 27, 31; Num. 5:7 shall add a fifth to it and give it to the priest. #[See ver. 10 above]And the priest shall make atonement for him with the ram of the guilt offering, and he shall be forgiven.
17 # ch. 4:2 “If anyone sins, doing any of the things that by the Lord’s commandments ought not to be done, #Num. 15:29; [Luke 12:48]though he did not know it, then realizes his guilt, he shall bear his iniquity. 18#ver. 15 He shall bring to the priest a ram without blemish out of the flock, or its equivalent, for a guilt offering, and #[See ver. 10 above]the priest shall make atonement for him for the mistake that he made unintentionally, and he shall be forgiven. 19It is a guilt offering; he has indeed incurred guilt before#5:19 Or he has paid full compensation to the Lord.”
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Leviticus 5: ESV
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