Matthew 13

The Parable of the Sower

1That same day Jesus went out of the house and sat beside the sea. 2#Lk 5.3Such great crowds gathered around him that he got into a boat and sat there, while the whole crowd stood on the beach. 3And he told them many things in parables, saying: “Listen! A sower went out to sow. 4And as he sowed, some seeds fell on a path, and the birds came and ate them up. 5Other seeds fell on rocky ground, where they did not have much soil, and they sprang up quickly, since they had no depth of soil. 6But when the sun rose, they were scorched, and since they had no root, they withered away. 7Other seeds fell among thorns, and the thorns grew up and choked them. 8#Gen 26.12Other seeds fell on good soil and brought forth grain, some a hundredfold, some sixty, some thirty. 9#Mt 11.15If you have ears,#13.9 Other ancient authorities add to hear hear!”

The Purpose of the Parables

10Then the disciples came and asked him, “Why do you speak to them in parables?” 11#Mt 11.25; 19.11; Jn 6.65; 1 Cor 2.10; 1 Jn 2.27He answered, “To you it has been given to know the secrets#13.11 Or mysteries of the kingdom of heaven, but to them it has not been given. 12#Lk 19.26For to those who have, more will be given, and they will have an abundance, but from those who have nothing, even what they have will be taken away. 13#Jer 5.21; Ezek 12.2The reason I speak to them in parables is that ‘seeing they do not perceive, and hearing they do not listen, nor do they understand.’ 14#Isa 6.9, 10; Ezek 12.2; Jn 12.40; Acts 28.26, 27; Rom 11.8With them indeed is fulfilled the prophecy of Isaiah that says:

‘You will indeed listen but never understand,

and you will indeed look but never perceive.

15 # Heb 5.11 For this people’s heart has grown dull,

and their ears are hard of hearing,

and they have shut their eyes,

so that they might not look with their eyes,

and hear with their ears

and understand with their heart and turn—

and I would heal them.’

16 # Mt 16.17; Lk 10.23, 24; Jn 20.29 “But blessed are your eyes, for they see, and your ears, for they hear. 17#Heb 11.13; 1 Pet 1.10, 11Truly I tell you, many prophets and righteous people longed to see what you see but did not see it and to hear what you hear but did not hear it.

The Parable of the Sower Explained

18“Hear, then, the parable of the sower. 19#Mt 4.23When anyone hears the word of the kingdom and does not understand it, the evil one comes and snatches away what is sown in the heart; this is what was sown on the path. 20As for what was sown on rocky ground, this is the one who hears the word and immediately receives it with joy, 21#Mt 11.6yet such a person has no root but endures only for a while, and when trouble or persecution arises on account of the word, that person immediately falls away.#13.21 Or stumbles 22#Mt 19.23; Rom 12.2; 1 Cor 1.20; 2 Cor 4.4; Gal 1.4; Eph 2.2As for what was sown among thorns, this is the one who hears the word, but the cares of this#13.22 Some ancient authorities read the age and the lure of wealth choke the word, and it yields nothing. 23#v 8But as for what was sown on good soil, this is the one who hears the word and understands it, who indeed bears fruit and yields in one case a hundredfold, in another sixty, and in another thirty.”

The Parable of Weeds among the Wheat

24 # Lk 13.19, 20 He put before them another parable: “The kingdom of heaven may be compared to someone who sowed good seed in his field, 25but while everybody was asleep an enemy came and sowed weeds among the wheat and then went away. 26So when the plants came up and bore grain, then the weeds appeared as well. 27And the slaves of the householder came and said to him, ‘Master, did you not sow good seed in your field? Where, then, did these weeds come from?’ 28He answered, ‘An enemy has done this.’ The slaves said to him, ‘Then do you want us to go and gather them?’ 29But he replied, ‘No, for in gathering the weeds you would uproot the wheat along with them. 30#Mt 3.12Let both of them grow together until the harvest, and at harvest time I will tell the reapers, Collect the weeds first and bind them in bundles to be burned, but gather the wheat into my barn.’ ”

The Parable of the Mustard Seed

31 # Isa 2.2, 3; Mic 4.1 He put before them another parable: “The kingdom of heaven is like a mustard seed that someone took and sowed in his field; 32#Ps 104.12; Ezek 17.23; 31.6; Dan 4.12it is the smallest of all the seeds, but when it has grown it is the greatest of shrubs and becomes a tree, so that the birds of the air come and make nests in its branches.”

The Parable of the Yeast

33 # Gen 18.6; Gal 5.9 He told them another parable: “The kingdom of heaven is like yeast that a woman took and mixed in with#13.33 Gk hid in three measures of flour until all of it was leavened.”

The Use of Parables

34 # Mk 4.33, 34 Jesus told the crowds all these things in parables; without a parable he told them nothing. 35#Ps 78.2; Rom 16.25, 26; 1 Cor 2.7; Eph 3.9; Col 1.26This was to fulfill what had been spoken through the prophet:#13.35 Other ancient authorities read the prophet Isaiah

“I will open my mouth to speak in parables;

I will proclaim what has been hidden since the foundation.”#13.35 Other ancient authorities add of the world

Jesus Explains the Parable of the Weeds

36Then he left the crowds and went into the house. And his disciples approached him, saying, “Explain to us the parable of the weeds of the field.” 37He answered, “The one who sows the good seed is the Son of Man; 38#Mt 24.14; 28.19; Lk 24.47; Jn 8.44; 1 Jn 3.10the field is the world, and the good seed are the children of the kingdom; the weeds are the children of the evil one, 39#Joel 3.13; Mt 24.3; 28.20; Rev 14.15and the enemy who sowed them is the devil; the harvest is the end of the age, and the reapers are angels. 40#1 Cor 10.11; Heb 9.26Just as the weeds are collected and burned up with fire, so will it be at the end of the age. 41#Mt 24.31The Son of Man will send his angels, and they will collect out of his kingdom all causes of sin#13.41 Or stumbling and all evildoers, 42#Mt 24.51; 25.30; Lk 13.28and they will throw them into the furnace of fire, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. 43#Dan 12.3; Mt 11.15Then the righteous will shine like the sun in the kingdom of their Father. Let anyone with ears#13.43 Other ancient authorities add to hear listen!

Three Parables

44 # Isa 55.1; Phil 3.7, 8 “The kingdom of heaven is like treasure hidden in a field, which a man found and reburied; then in his joy he goes and sells all that he has and buys that field.

45“Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a merchant in search of fine pearls; 46on finding one pearl of great value, he went and sold all that he had and bought it.

47 # Mt 22.10 “Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a net that was thrown into the sea and caught fish of every kind; 48when it was full, they drew it ashore, sat down, and put the good into baskets but threw out the bad. 49#Mt 25.32So it will be at the end of the age. The angels will come out and separate the evil from the righteous 50#v 42and throw them into the furnace of fire, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.

Treasures New and Old

51“Have you understood all this?” They answered, “Yes.” 52And he said to them, “Therefore every scribe who has become a disciple in the kingdom of heaven is like the master of a household who brings out of his treasure what is new and what is old.” 53#Mt 7.28; 11.1; 19.1; 26.1When Jesus had finished these parables, he left that place.

The Rejection of Jesus at Nazareth

54 # Mt 4.23; 7.28 He came to his hometown and began to teach the people#13.54 Gk them in their synagogue, so that they were astounded and said, “Where did this man get this wisdom and these deeds of power? 55#Lk 3.23; Jn 6.42Is not this the carpenter’s son? Is not his mother called Mary? And are not his brothers James and Joseph and Simon and Judas? 56And are not all his sisters with us? Where then did this man get all this?” 57#Jn 4.44And they took offense at him. But Jesus said to them, “Prophets are not without honor except in their own hometown and in their own house.” 58And he did not do many deeds of power there, because of their unbelief.

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