1 Samuel 20

The Friendship of David and Jonathan

1 # 1 Sam 24.9 David fled from Naioth in Ramah. He came before Jonathan and said, “What have I done? What is my guilt? And what is my sin against your father that he is trying to take my life?” 2He said to him, “Far from it! You shall not die. My father does nothing either great or small without disclosing it to me, and why should my father hide this from me? Never!” 3But David also swore, “Your father knows well that you like me, and he thinks, ‘Do not let Jonathan know this, or he will be grieved.’ But truly, as the Lord lives and as you yourself live, there is but a step between me and death.” 4Then Jonathan said to David, “Whatever you say, I will do for you.” 5#Num 10.10; 28.11; 1 Sam 19.2David said to Jonathan, “Tomorrow is the new moon, and I should not fail to sit with the king at the meal, but let me go, so that I may hide in the field until the third evening. 6#Deut 12.5; 1 Sam 17.58If your father misses me at all, then say, ‘David earnestly asked leave of me to run to Bethlehem his city, for there is a yearly sacrifice there for all the family.’ 7If he says, ‘Good!’ it will be well with your servant, but if he is angry, then know that evil has been determined by him. 8#1 Sam 18.3; 23.18; 2 Sam 14.32Therefore deal kindly with your servant, for you have brought your servant into a sacred covenant#20.8 Heb a covenant of the Lord with you. But if there is guilt in me, kill me yourself; why should you bring me to your father?” 9Jonathan said, “Far be it from you! If I knew that it was decided by my father that evil should come upon you, would I not tell you?” 10Then David said to Jonathan, “Who will tell me if your father answers you harshly?” 11Jonathan replied to David, “Come, let us go out into the field.” So they both went out into the field.

12Jonathan said to David, “By the Lord, the God of Israel! When I have sounded out my father, about this time tomorrow or on the third day, if he is well disposed toward David, shall I not then send and disclose it to you? 13#Ruth 1.17; 1 Sam 3.17; 17.37But if my father intends to do you harm, the Lord do so to Jonathan and more also, if I do not disclose it to you and send you away, so that you may go in safety. May the Lord be with you, as he has been with my father. 14If I am still alive, show me the faithful love of the Lord, but if I die,#20.14 Gk: Meaning of Heb uncertain 15#2 Sam 9.1never cut off your faithful love from my house, even if the Lord were to cut off every one of the enemies of David from the face of the earth.” 16Thus Jonathan made a covenant with the house of David, saying, “May the Lord seek out the enemies of David.” 17#1 Sam 18.1Jonathan made David swear again by his love for him, for he loved him as he loved his own life.

18 # vv 5, 25 Jonathan said to him, “Tomorrow is the new moon; you will be missed because your place will be empty. 19#1 Sam 19.2On the day after tomorrow, you shall go a long way down; go to the place where you hid yourself earlier, and remain beside the stone there.#20.19 Meaning of Heb uncertain 20I will shoot three arrows to the side of it, as though I shot at a mark. 21Then I will send the boy, saying, ‘Go, find the arrows.’ If I say to the boy, ‘Look, the arrows are on this side of you; collect them,’ then you are to come, for, as the Lord lives, it is safe for you and there is no danger. 22#v 37But if I say to the young man, ‘Look, the arrows are beyond you,’ then go, for the Lord has sent you away. 23#vv 14, 15; Gen 31.49, 53As for the matter about which you and I have spoken, the Lord be between you and me forever.”

24So David hid himself in the field. When the new moon came, the king sat at the feast to eat. 25#v 18The king sat upon his seat, as at other times, upon the seat by the wall. Jonathan stood, while Abner sat by Saul’s side, but David’s place was empty.

26 # Lev 7.20, 21; 1 Sam 16.5 Saul did not say anything that day, for he thought, “Something has befallen him; he is not clean; surely he is not clean.” 27But on the second day, the day after the new moon, David’s place was empty. And Saul said to his son Jonathan, “Why has the son of Jesse not come to the feast, either yesterday or today?” 28#v 6Jonathan answered Saul, “David earnestly asked leave of me to go to Bethlehem; 29he said, ‘Let me go, for our family is holding a sacrifice in the city, and my brother has commanded me to be there. So now, if I have found favor in your sight, let me get away and see my brothers.’ For this reason he has not come to the king’s table.”

30 # Deut 21.20 Then Saul’s anger was kindled against Jonathan. He said to him, “You son of a rebellious woman!#20.30 Cn Compare Q ms Gk: Meaning of MT uncertain Do I not know that you have chosen the son of Jesse to your own shame and to the shame of your mother’s nakedness? 31For as long as the son of Jesse lives upon the earth, neither you nor your kingdom shall be established. Now send and bring him to me, for he shall surely die.” 32#1 Sam 19.5; Mt 27.23; Lk 23.22Then Jonathan answered his father Saul, “Why should he be put to death? What has he done?” 33#v 7But Saul threw his spear at him to strike him, so Jonathan knew that it was the decision of his father to put David to death. 34Jonathan sprang up#20.34 Q ms Gk: MT rose from the table in fierce anger and ate no food on the second day of the month, for he was grieved for David and because his father had disgraced him.

35In the morning Jonathan went out into the field to the appointment with David, and with him was a little boy. 36#vv 20, 21He said to the boy, “Run and find the arrows that I shoot.” As the boy ran, he shot an arrow beyond him. 37#v 22When the boy came to the place where Jonathan’s arrow had fallen, Jonathan called after the boy and said, “Is the arrow not beyond you?” 38Jonathan called after the boy, “Hurry, be quick, do not linger.” So Jonathan’s boy gathered up the arrows and came to his master. 39But the boy knew nothing; only Jonathan and David knew the arrangement. 40Jonathan gave his weapons to the boy and said to him, “Go and carry them to the city.” 41As soon as the boy had gone, David rose from beside the stone heap#20.41 Gk: Heb from beside the south and prostrated himself with his face to the ground. He bowed three times, and they kissed each other and wept with each other; David wept the more.#20.41 Vg: Meaning of Heb uncertain 42#v 22; 1 Sam 1.17Then Jonathan said to David, “Go in peace, since both of us have sworn in the name of the Lord, saying, ‘The Lord shall be between me and you and between my descendants and your descendants forever.’ ” He got up and left, and Jonathan went into the city.#20.42 This sentence is 21.1 in Heb

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1 Samuel 20: NRSVUE

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