1 Samuel 14

1One day Jonathan son of Saul said to the young man who carried his armor, “Come, let us go over to the Philistine garrison on the other side.” But he did not tell his father. 2#1 Sam 13.15Saul was staying in the outskirts of Gibeah under the pomegranate tree that is at Migron; the troops who were with him were about six hundred men, 3#1 Sam 2.28; 4.21; 22.9–12, 20along with Ahijah son of Ahitub, Ichabod’s brother, son of Phinehas son of Eli, the priest of the Lord in Shiloh, carrying an ephod. Now the people did not know that Jonathan had gone. 4#1 Sam 13.23In the pass#14.4 Heb Between the passes by which Jonathan tried to go over to the Philistine garrison there was a rocky crag on one side and a rocky crag on the other; the name of the one was Bozez, and the name of the other was Seneh. 5One crag rose on the north in front of Michmash and the other on the south in front of Geba.

6 # Judg 7.4, 7; 1 Sam 17.46, 47 Jonathan said to the young man who carried his armor, “Come, let us go over to the garrison of these uncircumcised; it may be that the Lord will act for us, for nothing can hinder the Lord from saving by many or by few.” 7His armor-bearer said to him, “Do all that your mind inclines to.#14.7 Gk: Heb Do all that is in your mind. Turn I am with you; as your mind is, so is mine.”#14.7 Gk: Heb lacks so is mine 8Then Jonathan said, “Now we will cross over to those men and will show ourselves to them. 9If they say to us, ‘Wait until we come to you,’ then we will stand still in our place, and we will not go up to them. 10#Gen 24.14; Judg 6.36, 37But if they say, ‘Come up to us,’ then we will go up, for the Lord has given them into our hand. That will be the sign for us.” 11#1 Sam 13.6So both of them showed themselves to the garrison of the Philistines, and the Philistines said, “Look, Hebrews are coming out of the holes where they have hidden themselves.” 12#1 Sam 17.43, 44; 2 Sam 5.24The men of the garrison hailed Jonathan and his armor-bearer, saying, “Come up to us, and we will show you something.” Jonathan said to his armor-bearer, “Come up after me, for the Lord has given them into the hand of Israel.” 13Then Jonathan climbed up on his hands and feet, with his armor-bearer following after him. The Philistines#14.13 Heb They fell before Jonathan, and his armor-bearer coming after him killed them. 14In that first attack Jonathan and his armor-bearer killed about twenty men within an area about half a furrow long in an acre#14.14 Heb yoke of land. 15#1 Sam 13.17; 2 Kings 7.6, 7There was a panic in the camp, in the field, and among all the people; the garrison and even the raiders trembled; the earth quaked; and it became a very great panic.

16 # 2 Sam 18.24 Saul’s lookouts in Gibeah of Benjamin were watching as the multitude was surging back and forth.#14.16 Gk: Heb they went and there 17Then Saul said to the troops who were with him, “Call the roll and see who has gone from us.” When they called the roll, Jonathan and his armor-bearer were not there. 18Saul said to Ahijah, “Bring the ark of God here.” For at that time the ark of God went with the Israelites. 19#Num 27.21While Saul was talking to the priest, the tumult in the camp of the Philistines increased more and more, and Saul said to the priest, “Withdraw your hand.” 20#Judg 7.22; 2 Chr 20.23Then Saul and all the people who were with him rallied and went into the battle, and every sword was against the other, so that there was very great confusion. 21Now the Hebrews who previously had been with the Philistines and had gone up with them into the camp turned and joined the Israelites who were with Saul and Jonathan. 22#1 Sam 13.6Likewise, when all the Israelites who had gone into hiding in the hill country of Ephraim heard that the Philistines were fleeing, they also followed closely after them in the battle. 23#Ex 14.30; 1 Sam 13.5; Ps 44.6, 7So the Lord gave Israel the victory that day.

The battle passed beyond Beth-aven, and the troops with Saul numbered altogether about ten thousand men.#14.23 Gk OL: Heb lacks and the troops…Ephraim The battle spread out over the hill country of Ephraim.

Saul’s Rash Oath

24 # Josh 6.26 Now Saul committed a very rash act on that day.#14.24 Gk: Heb The Israelites were distressed that day He had laid an oath on the troops, saying, “Cursed be anyone who eats food before it is evening and I have been avenged on my enemies.” So none of the troops tasted food. 25All the troops#14.25 Heb land came upon a honeycomb, and there was honey on the ground. 26When the troops came upon the honeycomb, the honey was dripping out, but they did not put their hands to their mouths, for they feared the oath. 27#1 Sam 30.12But Jonathan had not heard his father charge the troops with the oath, so he extended the staff that was in his hand and dipped the tip of it in the honeycomb and put his hand to his mouth, and his eyes brightened. 28Then one of the soldiers said, “Your father strictly charged the troops with an oath, saying, ‘Cursed be anyone who eats food this day.’ And so the troops are faint.” 29#1 Kings 18.18Then Jonathan said, “My father has troubled the land; see how my eyes have brightened because I tasted a little of this honey. 30How much better if today the troops had eaten freely of the spoil taken from their enemies, for now the defeat of the Philistines has not been great.”

31After they had struck down the Philistines that day from Michmash to Aijalon, the troops were very faint, 32#Lev 17.10–14; 1 Sam 15.19so the troops flew upon the spoil and took sheep and oxen and calves and slaughtered them on the ground, and the troops ate them with the blood. 33Then it was reported to Saul, “Look, the troops are sinning against the Lord by eating with the blood.” And he said, “You have dealt treacherously; roll a large stone before me here.”#14.33 Gk: Heb me this day 34Saul said, “Disperse yourselves among the troops and say to them: Let all bring their oxen or their sheep, and slaughter them here and eat, and do not sin against the Lord by eating with the blood.” So all of the troops brought their oxen with them that night and slaughtered them there. 35#1 Sam 7.17And Saul built an altar to the Lord; it was the first altar that he built to the Lord.

Jonathan in Danger of Death

36Then Saul said, “Let us go down after the Philistines by night and despoil them until the morning light; let us not leave one of them.” They said, “Do whatever seems good to you.” But the priest said, “Let us draw near to God here.” 37#1 Sam 10.22; 28.6So Saul inquired of God, “Shall I go down after the Philistines? Will you give them into the hand of Israel?” But he did not answer him that day. 38#Josh 7.14; 1 Sam 10.19Saul said, “Come here, all you leaders of the people, and let us find out how this sin has arisen today. 39#2 Sam 12.5For as the Lord lives who saves Israel, even if it is in my son Jonathan, he shall surely die!” But there was no one among all the people who answered him. 40He said to all Israel, “You shall be on one side, and I and my son Jonathan will be on the other side.” The people said to Saul, “Do what seems good to you.” 41#Prov 16.33; Acts 1.24Then Saul said, “O Lord God of Israel, why have you not answered your servant today? If this guilt is in me or in my son Jonathan, O Lord God of Israel, give Urim, but if this guilt is in your people Israel,#14.41 Gk OL: Heb 41 Saul said to the Lord, the God of Israel give Thummim.” And Jonathan and Saul were indicated by the lot, but the people were cleared. 42Then Saul said, “Cast the lot between me and my son Jonathan.” And Jonathan was taken.

43 # v 23 ; Josh 7.19Then Saul said to Jonathan, “Tell me what you have done.” Jonathan told him, “I tasted a little honey with the tip of the staff that was in my hand; here I am; I will die.” 44#v 39; Ruth 1.17Saul said, “God do so to me and more also; you shall surely die, Jonathan!” 45#2 Sam 14.11; 1 Kings 1.52; Acts 27.34Then the people said to Saul, “Shall Jonathan die, who has accomplished this great victory in Israel? Far from it! As the Lord lives, not one hair of his head shall fall to the ground, for he has worked with God today.” So the people ransomed Jonathan, and he did not die. 46Then Saul withdrew from pursuing the Philistines, and the Philistines went to their own place.

Saul’s Continuing Wars

47 # v 52 ; 1 Sam 11.1–13; 2 Sam 10.6When Saul had taken the kingship over Israel, he fought against all his enemies on every side: against Moab, against the Ammonites, against Edom, against the kings of Zobah, and against the Philistines; wherever he turned he routed them. 48#1 Sam 15.3, 7He did valiantly and struck down the Amalekites and rescued Israel out of the hands of those who plundered them.

49 # 1 Sam 18.17–20; 31.2; 1 Chr 8.33 Now the sons of Saul were Jonathan, Ishvi, and Malchishua, and the names of his two daughters were these: the name of the firstborn was Merab, and the name of the younger was Michal. 50#2 Sam 2.8The name of Saul’s wife was Ahinoam daughter of Ahimaaz. And the name of the commander of his army was Abner son of Ner, Saul’s uncle; 51#1 Sam 9.1Kish was the father of Saul, and Ner the father of Abner was the son of Abiel.

52 # 1 Sam 8.11 There was hard fighting against the Philistines all the days of Saul, and when Saul saw any strong or valiant warrior, he took him into his service.

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1 Samuel 14: NRSVUE

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