Luke 6:1-16

One Sabbath while Jesus was passing through fields of standing grain, it happened that His disciples were picking the heads of grain, rubbing them in their hands, and eating them. [Deut 23:25; Matt 12:1-8; Mark 2:23-28] But some of the Pharisees said, “Why are you doing what is unlawful on the Sabbath?” [Ex 20:10; 23:12; Deut 5:14] Jesus replied to them, “Have you not even read [in the Scriptures] what David did when he was hungry, he and those who were with him— [1 Sam 21:1-6] how he went into the house of God, and took and ate the consecrated bread, which is not lawful [for anyone] to eat except the priests alone, and [how he also] gave it to the men who were with him?” [Lev 24:9] Jesus was saying to them, “The Son of Man (the Messiah) is Lord [even] of the Sabbath.” On another Sabbath He went into the synagogue and taught, and a man was present whose right hand was withered. [Matt 12:9-14; Mark 3:1-6] The scribes and the Pharisees were watching Him closely [with malicious intent], to see if He would [actually] heal [someone] on the Sabbath, so that they might find a reason to accuse Him. But He was aware of their thoughts, and He said to the man with the withered hand, “Get up and come forward.” So he got up and stood there. Then Jesus said to them, “I ask you directly: Is it lawful to do good on the Sabbath or to do evil, to save a life or to destroy it?” After looking around at them all, He said to the man, “Stretch out your hand!” And he did, and his hand was [fully] restored. But the scribes and Pharisees were filled with senseless rage [and lacked spiritual insight], and discussed with one another what they might do to Jesus. Now at this time Jesus went off to the mountain to pray, and He spent the whole night in prayer to God. When day came, He called His disciples and selected twelve of them, whom He also named apostles (special messengers, personally chosen representatives): [Matt 10:2-4; Mark 3:16-19] Simon, whom He also named Peter, and his brother Andrew; and [the brothers] James and John; and Philip, and Bartholomew [also called Nathanael]; and Matthew (Levi, the tax collector) and Thomas; and James the son of Alphaeus, and Simon who was called the Zealot; Judas [also called Thaddaeus] the son of James, and Judas Iscariot, who became a traitor [to the Lord].