Luke 20
20
The Authority of Jesus Challenged
1 # For ver. 1-8, see Matt. 21:23-27; Mark 11:27-33 One day, #ch. 19:47 as Jesus#20:1 Greek he was teaching the people in the temple and preaching the gospel, #Acts 4:1; 6:12the chief priests and the scribes with the elders came up 2and said to him, “Tell us #[Ex. 2:14; John 1:25; Acts 4:7]by what authority you do these things, or who it is that gave you this authority.” 3He answered them, “I also will ask you a question. Now tell me, 4was the baptism of John #ch. 15:18, 21; John 3:27from heaven or from man?” 5And they discussed it with one another, saying, “If we say, ‘From heaven,’ he will say, #ch. 7:30; Matt. 21:32‘Why did you not believe him?’ 6But if we say, ‘From man,’ all the people will stone us to death, for they are convinced that John was #[John 5:35]; See Matt. 11:9a prophet.” 7So they answered that they did not know where it came from. 8And Jesus said to them, “Neither will I tell you by what authority I do these things.”
The Parable of the Wicked Tenants
9 # For ver. 9-19, see Matt. 21:33-46; Mark 12:1-12 And he began to tell the people this parable: “A man planted #Ps. 80:8; Isa. 5:1; Matt. 21:28 a vineyard and #Song 8:11, 12 let it out to tenants and #Matt. 25:14, 15; [Mark 13:34]went into another country for a long while. 10When the time came, he sent a servant#20:10 Or bondservant; also verse 11 to the tenants, so that #[See ver. 9 above] they would give him some of the fruit of the vineyard. #Matt. 5:12; 22:6; 23:34, 37; [2 Chr. 24:19; 36:15, 16; Neh. 9:26; Jer. 37:15; 38:6; Acts 7:52; 2 Cor. 11:24-26; 1 Thess. 2:15; Heb. 11:36, 37]But the tenants beat him and sent him away empty-handed. 11#Matt. 22:4 And #[See ver. 10 above] he sent another servant. But they also beat and #Acts 5:41 (Gk.)treated him shamefully, and sent him away empty-handed. 12#[See ver. 10 above]And he sent yet a third. This one also they wounded and cast out. 13Then the owner of the vineyard said, ‘What shall I do? I will send my #See Matt. 3:17beloved son; perhaps they will respect him.’ 14But when the tenants saw him, they said to themselves, #Heb. 1:2; [John 1:11; Rom. 8:17] ‘This is the heir. #[1 Kgs. 21:19]Let us kill him, so that the inheritance may be ours.’ 15And they #Heb. 13:12threw him out of the vineyard and killed him. What then will the owner of the vineyard do to them? 16#[ch. 19:27] He will #[Matt. 24:50; 25:19] come and destroy those tenants and #Matt. 21:43; Acts 13:46; 18:6; 28:28; [Matt. 8:11, 12]give the vineyard to others.” When they heard this, they said, “Surely not!” 17But he #See Mark 10:21 looked directly at them and said, “What then is this that is written:
#
Acts 4:11; 1 Pet. 2:7; Cited from Ps. 118:22 “‘The stone that the builders rejected
has become the cornerstone’? # 20:17 Greek the head of the corner
18 #
Isa. 8:14, 15; Rom. 9:32, 33; 1 Pet. 2:8 Everyone who falls on that stone will be broken to pieces, and when it falls #
Dan. 2:34, 35, 44, 45 on anyone, it will crush him.”
Paying Taxes to Caesar
19 # ch. 19:47, 48 The scribes and the chief priests sought to lay hands on him at that very hour, for they perceived that he had told this parable against them, but they feared the people. 20#For ver. 20-38, see Matt. 22:15-32; Mark 12:13-27 So they #ch. 14:1; Mark 3:2 watched him and sent spies, who #[1 Kgs. 14:6] pretended to be sincere, that they might #ver. 26; ch. 11:54 catch him in something he said, so as to deliver him up to the authority and jurisdiction of #Matt. 27:2, 11; 28:14; See Acts 23:24the governor. 21So they asked him, “Teacher, we know that you speak and teach rightly, and #See Acts 10:34 show no partiality,#20:21 Greek and do not receive a face but truly teach #Acts 18:25, 26; [Acts 13:10]the way of God. 22Is it lawful for us to give #Matt. 17:25 tribute to #ch. 2:1; 3:1Caesar, or not?” 23But he perceived their #1 Cor. 3:19; 2 Cor. 4:2; 11:3; Eph. 4:14; [2 Cor. 12:16]craftiness, and said to them, 24“Show me #See Matt. 18:28a denarius.#20:24 A denarius was a day’s wage for a laborer Whose likeness and inscription does it have?” They said, “Caesar’s.” 25He said to them, “Then #Rom. 13:7render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.” 26And they were not able in the presence of the people #ver. 20to catch him in what he said, but marveling at his answer they became silent.
Sadducees Ask About the Resurrection
27There came to him #Matt. 3:7; 16:1; 22:34; Acts 4:1; 5:17; 23:6 some Sadducees, #Acts 23:8; [Acts 4:2]those who deny that there is a resurrection, 28and they asked him a question, saying, “Teacher, Moses wrote for us #[Deut. 25:5]that if a man’s brother dies, having a wife but no children, the man#20:28 Greek his brother must take the widow and raise up offspring for his brother. 29Now there were seven brothers. The first took a wife, and died without children. 30And the second 31and the third took her, and likewise all seven left no children and died. 32Afterward the woman also died. 33In the resurrection, therefore, whose wife will the woman be? For the seven had her as wife.”
34And Jesus said to them, #ch. 16:8; See ch. 10:6 “The sons of this age #ch. 17:27; Matt. 24:38; [ver. 35]marry and #ch. 17:27; Matt. 24:38; [ver. 35]are given in marriage, 35but those who are #Acts 5:41; 2 Thess. 1:5, 11; See Matt. 22:8 considered worthy to attain to #[ch. 18:30]; See Mark 10:30 that age and to the resurrection from the dead #[ver. 34]neither marry #[ver. 34]nor are given in marriage, 36for #1 Cor. 15:54, 55; Rev. 21:4 they cannot die anymore, because they are #[Heb. 2:7, 9] equal to angels and #[Gen. 1:26; Ps. 82:6] are #[Rom. 8:19, 23; 1 Cor. 15:52] sons of God, being #See ch. 10:6sons#20:36 Greek huioi; see Preface of the resurrection. 37But that the dead are raised, #ver. 28 even Moses showed, in #Ex. 3:1–4:17 the passage about the bush, where he calls #Acts 7:32; Cited from Ex. 3:15; [Ex. 3:6]the Lord the God of Abraham and the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob. 38Now he is not God of the dead, but of the living, for all #Rom. 6:11; 14:7, 8; 2 Cor. 5:15; Gal. 2:19; 1 Thess. 5:10; 1 Pet. 4:2; [Heb. 9:14]live to him.” 39Then some of the scribes #Mark 12:28; [Matt. 22:34]answered, “Teacher, you have spoken well.” 40For #Matt. 22:46; Mark 12:34they no longer dared to ask him any question.
Whose Son Is the Christ?
41 # For ver. 41-44, see Matt. 22:41-45; Mark 12:35-37 But he said to them, “How can they say that #See Matt. 1:1, 17the Christ is #See Matt. 1:1, 17David’s son? 42For David himself says in the Book of Psalms,
#
Acts 2:34, 35; Heb. 1:13; Cited from Ps. 110:1; [1 Cor. 15:25; Heb. 10:13] “‘The Lord said to my Lord,
“Sit at my right hand,
43 until I make your enemies # [Acts 7:49] your footstool.”’
44 David thus calls him Lord, so # [Rom. 1:3, 4] how is he his son?”
Beware of the Scribes
45 # For ver. 45, 46, see Matt. 23:1, 2, 5-7; Mark 12:38, 39; [ch. 11:43] And in the hearing of all the people he said to his disciples, 46“Beware of the scribes, who like to walk around in long robes, and love greetings in the marketplaces and the best seats in the synagogues and #ch. 14:7, 8the places of honor at feasts, 47#[ch. 11:39; 16:14] who devour widows’ houses and #[Matt. 6:5, 7]for a pretense make long prayers. They will receive the greater condemnation.”
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Luke 20: ESV
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